Azoospermia can be the result of various factors that affect the production, transport or maturation of sperm.
Types of Azoospermia
According to the University of Navarra Clinic (CUN), there are two large types of azoospermia, defined by its cause:
• Obstructive azoospermia: occurs when there is an obstruction in the ducts that They transport sperm From the testicles to the urethra. This obstruction can be located in the epididymis, the deferens or the urethra.
• Non -obstructive azoospermia: It is due to an alteration in the production of sperm in the testicles. The most frequent causes include genetic anomalies, primary testicular dysfunction or hormonal disorders.
Look too:
Frequent causes of alfospermia
The cun identifies that the causes of this alteration are grouped into three categories, according to the time of the Reproductive process in which the alteration occurs:
• Pretestecular: hormonal problems that interfere with sperm production.
• Testicular: Alterations of testicular tissue, such as varicocele, orchitis, cryptorchidia or testicular damage due to chemotherapy or radiation.
• Postsicular: anatomical obstructions or malformations that prevent sperm exit. Examples: Previous vasectomy, ejaculatory duct cysts, congenital cystic fibrosis.
Treatment of Azoospermia
The treatment will depend on the identified cause:
• Hormonal therapy: In cases of pre -schetic origin, gonadotropins or testosterone are used to stimulate spermatogenesis.
• Surgical intervention: Repair of obstructions, reverse of vasectomy or reconstruction of deferens.
• Assisted reproduction techniques: such as sperm extraction by testicular biopsy and its use in fertilization in vitro (IVF) or sperm microinject (ICSI).
• Varicocele correction: In certain cases, its treatment can improve sperm production.
Look too:
Psychological and social impact
Azoospermia diagnosis can significantly affect the patient’s emotional health. According to the cun, it is common to arise:
• Anxiety and depressive symptoms
• Low self -esteem
• Stress in the relationship
Psychological accompaniment must be an integral part of the clinical approach.
Prevention and self -care
Although it cannot always be prevented, the University of Navarra (CUN) clinic ensures that there are measures that can reduce the risk of azoospermia:
• Avoid prolonged exposure to radiation or toxic products.
• Treat genital infections early.
• Perform regular urological controls.
• Consult the specialist in case of family history.
(With EFE information)
Related:
