The Office of Customs and Border Protection (CBP) reports more than 10 million meetings of undocumented migrants during the 4 years of the administration of Biden and Harris, an unprecedented figure.
Were 10 Executive orders on immigration Subscribed by the President during his first week in power, in addition to a series of edicts issued that seek United due to flexible immigration policies of the Democrat administration.
National emergency
The first thing that President Trump did was sign the Executive Order 14159 On January 20, which declares national emergency at the southern border, where about 11 million irregular migrants entered, including members of the dreaded criminal organization of Venezuelan origin, Aragua Train.
In order to stop the “invasion” of undocumented foreigners, Trump ordered:
- An “accelerated” and “extended” deportation of migrants who illegally crossed the border.
- Deportation orders to those who have committed serious crimes in US territory.
- The retention of federal funds of those considered “sanctuaries cities”, which provide protection of undocumented migrants, contradicting federal laws.
- The increased personnel of the Immigration and Customs Control Service (ICE) and the Customs and Border Protection Service (CBP).
- Restrictions for undocumented migrants to access public benefits
- Cooperation between the State and the Federal Government so that local police authorities can collaborate with federal immigration authorities.
End of citizenship by birth
Trump signed on January 20 the Executive Order 14160of “protection of the meaning and value of American citizenship”, which seeks to end citizens by birth for children in undocumented foreign parents.
In addition, he suspended the resettlement of refugees, including those who had already been examined and approved, and ended the humanitarian parole, which benefited 500,000 citizens of Cuba, Haiti, Venezuela and Nicaragua. The program was implemented by Biden in October 2022, with the argument of “reducing” illegal migration, and that had already been suspended twice by the Democratic Administration itself for complaints of mass fraud committed by the beneficiaries and their sponsors.
In August 2024, a Federation Report was made public for the reform of American immigration (Fair) that revealed that 101,000 sponsorships had been submitted by 3,218 serial sponsors and identified thousands of suspicious applications, where The sponsors used the same postal addresses, IPS or telephone numbers.
This motivated the first suspension of the program in the same month of August, which was resumed three weeks later with the implementation of measures “More rigorous” Announced by the United States National Security Department (DHS), which apparently were not effective, since only month and a half later the non -extension of the program for beneficiaries who are already on the ground was announced American, leaving half a million beneficiaries in a “migratory limbo”, according to experts.
And although he did not extend the stay of the beneficiaries of humanitarian parole, Biden did not suspend the program.
Although there was uncertainty about what was going to happen with this program, in mid -January, the DHS announced the resumption of the processing of early travel authorizations (ATA), an essential step for the applicants of the Parole who were pending or in review To travel to the US, which was formally interrupted on January 28, within the framework of Executive Order 14159.
Guantanamo enables
The Republican president also approved the authorization of the Naval Base of the Guantanamo Bay, in Cuba, on January 29, to receive up to 30,000 illegal immigrants, who have committed serious crimes, such as murders and violations, which he points out as ” The worst of the worst. “
Since February 4, when the first group of immigrants arrived, the military camp has received at least 100 immigrants, all of them Venezuelans, related to the Aragua train, according to the Department of National Security (DHS) ).
Relocation of Afrikáneres refugees
On February 12, President Trump ordered to admit afrikáneres refugeescommunity of European origin in South Africa, highlighting the need they would be to escape from the supposed racial discrimination and confiscation of properties that suffer in the African country.
Are these orders subject to challenge?
The immigration policies of President Trump have been challenged in federal courts by promise groups.
More than two dozen religious groups filed a demand alleged “extralimitation” of the Immigration and Customs Control Service (ICE), by arresting immigrants in places of cults, schools and hospitals, considered “delicate places” since 2011.
The Prosefensora of undocumented Immigration, the American Union of Civil Libertads, also filed demands for the “Expansion of accelerated deportations”which allows ICE officers to deport foreigners without appearing before an immigration judge, unless they request asylum.
The order that vetoes citizens by birth has also been challenged in several states by human rights groups, considering that it comes into flagrant conflict with the 14th amendment and a long -standing precedent of the Supreme Court. In this sense, the federal district judge, Deborah Boardman, temporarily block the order.
What policies are still in force?
Despite Trump’s order, citizenship by birth, enshrined in the 14th. The US may opt for US citizenship.
The jurisdiction of the considered sanctuary cities, which includes Los Angeles, New York, Houston, Chicago and AtlantaIt is still valid, so these entities continue to apply policies that limit cooperation with federal immigration authorities. In addition, the cities have successfully challenged the order to retain federal financing, so they have been able to maintain their protection measures for undocumented residents.
In New York, one of the Sanctuaries cities, the Democratic Mayor Eric Adams He approved the restoration of an immigration office in the Rikers Island prison, the “Tsar of the Border”, Tom Homan, announced on Friday.
“We are working on some other things that we really do not want to speak in open areas because the City Council will put obstacles (…) but the mayor and I We have committed to several other things that will make the city safer“The Republican Administration official said.
Another of the key immigration policies that maintain their validity is the deferred action program for children’s arrivals (DACA), established in 2012, which protects from deportation to certain undocumented people who arrived in the US when they were children and allows them to work legally.
Border security measures begin to give results less than a month from Trump’s return to the White House, the flow of undocumented immigration has been reduced practically to zero. Recently, a caravan of migrants gave up continuing their route to the United States and has decided to return to their countries of origin.
Meanwhile, the administration prepares for long battles in court in order to restore order in the country.
